hot water extract,
From The Oxford Companion to Beer
often referred to as HWE, is an analytical measure derived on a laboratory scale of the quantity of dissolved solids derived from malt or other materials used in the brewhouse. Hot water extract analysis is used to measure the brewing value of different malts or adjuncts and can be used to compare cereal varieties and malting processes.
The methods for measuring hot water extract are specifically laid down by the three main brewing institutions, the Institute of Brewing and Distilling in the UK (IOB), the European Brewing Convention (EBC), and the American Society of Brewing Chemists (ASBC). Each method reflects the brewing methods predominantly used in their area, for example, the IOB analysis involves mixing and holding the malt at 65.5°C, reflecting infusion mashing of ale-style beers. The EBC, sometimes called “congress” mash, involves mashing at 45°C and increasing the temperature to 70°C, reflecting the process used in lager brewing.
This definition is from The Oxford Companion to Beer, edited by Garrett Oliver. © Oxford University Press 2012.